01 - Keʻano o kaʻIkepili Kuhi Manaʻo Hoʻoilina
Kōkuhi: E kaomi i ke kiʻi eʻike i keʻano'ōnaehana piha. Eʻike nō hoʻiʻoe ma ka puka'ē aʻe i hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā wehewehe aʻike i ke kiʻi ma ka manawa like.
No ka hōʻoiaʻana i kahi hōʻai'ē o kāu hui, ponoʻoe e loaʻa i kaʻaha kaulike a me kaʻike kālā i kāu pūnaewele. Ponoʻoe eʻike i nāʻikeʻelua o kēia mauʻike kālā. Nānā nā'ōiwi hōʻai'ē i nā waiwai o ka hui, nā koina, a me ka pono o ka waihona'āina.
Eia ka waihona palekana e hoʻohanaʻia ana ma kēia kumu aʻo. Hiki iāʻoe keʻike heʻelua makahiki o kaʻikepili no kēia kikowaena hypothetical. Loaʻa kēia no ka mea o kaʻikepili lākiʻi he mea hana maikaʻi wale nō inā hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā lakio a mākou e helu ai i kekahi mau makahiki o kaʻikepili aiʻole i nā kauāʻoihana.
Ināʻoe e pāʻani i mua,ʻikeʻoe e hoʻohana mākou i kēia mau pane kaulike a me ka helu kālā loaʻa 2007 no ka heluʻana i nā kuhi aie o ka 2007 no ka firm. A laila, e hoʻohālikelike mākou iā lākou i nā koina o nā makahiki 2008 ma ka weheweheʻana i kēlā me kēia a me keʻano o ka loliʻana o kēlā makahiki kēia makahiki. Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻopili hou i nā hualoaʻa no kāuʻoihana pono'ī.
02 - E helu i ka aie i ka waiwai waiwai
Kōkuhi: E kaomi i ke kiʻi eʻike i keʻano'ōnaehana piha. Eʻike nō hoʻiʻoe ma ka puka'ē aʻe i hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā wehewehe aʻike i ke kiʻi ma ka manawa like.
ʻO ka hōʻai'ēʻai waiwai e hōʻike iāʻoe i ka nui o kāu kumu waiwai i uku kālāʻia me ka aie. ʻO ke kumu nui e hoʻomanaʻo, inā 100 ke kālā o kāu waiwai waiwai i ukuʻia me ka aie, e pākekeʻoe! Makemakeʻoe e mālama i kāu aie i ka waiwai waiwai ma ka laina me kāuʻoihana. Makemakeʻoe e nānā i nā kaʻina o ka hīnaʻi o kāu hale paʻa a me kou hiki ke kāohi i kāu lilo kālā ma ka aie.
E nānā i ka pepa palekana. ʻO nāʻikepili a pau āu e makemake ai maʻaneʻi a ke hoʻonuiʻia nei. ʻO ka hōʻai'ē i ka lakene waiwaiʻo: Total Debt / Total Assets
Ma kaʻene kaulike no ka 2007,ʻo ka waiwai piha he $ 3,373. No ka loaʻaʻana o ka hōʻai'ē a pau, ponoʻoe e hōʻuluʻulu i ka aie (current) o kēia manawa,ʻo ia hoʻi $ 543, a me ka uku lōʻihi,ʻo ia hoʻi $ 531. Hoʻonuiʻia ka heluhelu:
ʻAina i'Abene = $ 543 + $ 531 / $ 3373 = 31.84%
ʻO ka aie i ka waiwai waiwai no ka XYZ Corporation he 31.84% ka mea hoʻi i ukuʻia 31.84% o nā waiwai o ka hui me ka'ai'ē. Ma muli o ka hopena, ua hoʻokū'ēʻia he 68.16% o nā waiwai o ka hui me ke kālā kaulike a meaʻai kālā paha.
ʻAʻole mākou iʻike inā he maikaʻi a heʻino kēia, akāʻaʻole mākou i loaʻa kaʻikeʻoihana no ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana me ia. Hiki iā mākou ke helu i ka lakeneka no ka 2008. Inā e hanaʻoe i kēlā, eʻikeʻoe i ka hōʻai'ē i ka waiwai waiwai no 2008 he 27.79%. Mai ka makahiki 2007 a hiki i 2008, ua emi iho ka aie i ka waiwai waiwai no ka XYZ Corporation mai 31.84% a 27.79%.
ʻO kahi hāʻule o ka hōʻai'ē i ka lakene waiwai he mea maikaʻi paha ia, akā makemake mākou i nāʻike hou aku e hoʻopili pono i kēia.
03 - E helu i ka aie i ke kaulike kaulike
Kōkuhi: E kaomi i ke kiʻi eʻike i keʻano'ōnaehana piha. Eʻike nō hoʻiʻoe ma ka puka'ē aʻe i hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā wehewehe aʻike i ke kiʻi ma ka manawa like.
Hoʻohanaʻia kekahiʻoihana e kekahi'ai'ē a iʻole ke kaulike (kālā hoʻoiliʻia e nā mea waiwai) a iʻole he hui o nā meaʻelua. ʻO ka hōʻai'ēʻana i ke kaulike kaulike e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka hoʻoliloʻana i ke kālā no ke kālā i ka hui e pili ana i ka nui o ke kaulike. ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i ke kālā hōʻai'ēʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kaʻoihana ma mua o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻoili kālā. I ka piʻiʻana o ka hōʻai'ē kālā, piʻi i luna ka pilikia o ka paʻa. ʻO ke kumu kēia o ka heluʻana i kēia kaioka i mea nui, akā, i ka mea nona kaʻoihana.
E nānā i ka pepa palekana. Hiki iāʻoe keʻike i ka hōʻai'ēʻana o ka hōʻai'ē a me ka pono o ka māhele. ʻO ia nā heluʻelua e pono aiʻoe e helu i ka hōʻai'ē i ke kaulike kaulike. ʻO ka heluʻana: Total Debt (Nā Loina) / Kālā Waiwai = _____%
Ke heluʻoe i ke kumukūʻai i ke kaulike kaulike no 2007, loaʻa iāʻoe:
$ 543 + $ 531 / $ 2299 = 46.72%
ʻO kēia keʻano he 46.72% o ke kumukānāwai o ke kumukūʻai o ka'ai'ē aʻo ke koena i hāʻawiʻia e ka pūʻulu waiwai kālā. E like me kekahi mahele'ē aʻe, ponoʻoe iʻikeʻikepili no kaʻike inā he maikaʻi a heʻino paha. ʻAʻole mākouʻikeʻikepiliʻoihana akā hiki iā mākou ke helu i ka uku o 2008 i ke kaulike kaulike.
Inā heluʻoe i ka uku o 2008 i ke kaulike kaulike,ʻo ka hopena he 38.48% . I ka makahiki 2008, ke hoʻohana nei kaʻaha i ke kālā liʻiliʻi e hoʻokele i kāna mau hana e pono ai. Pono mākou e hoʻonui i ka hoʻonuiʻana i kaʻike kālā, akā, eʻike pono i kēlā.
04 - E helu i ka hoʻopiʻi kaʻina o ka wā i loaʻa i ka manawa (kuleana hoʻokele)
Kōkuhi: E kaomi i ke kiʻi eʻike i keʻano'ōnaehana piha. Eʻike nō hoʻiʻoe ma ka puka'ē aʻe i hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā wehewehe aʻike i ke kiʻi ma ka manawa like.
ʻO kekahi hapaʻai leʻaleʻa a meaʻai kālā paha i mea nui e heluʻia no ka hui,ʻo ia ka manawa o ka hapanui waiwai loaʻa (TIE) a iʻole ka hapa liʻiliʻi kālā. E hōʻike ana ka lakio TIE i ka mea nona ka pāʻani liʻiliʻi i ka pono e hiki ai i ka firm ke uhi i kāna lilo no ka uku. Inā hoʻohana kaʻaha i ka hōʻai'ē'ai'ē, pono ia e uku i kāna lilo kālā.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, inā loaʻa i nāʻaina i ka hapa nui o ka aie, a laila, no ka mea,ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka liʻiliʻi o ka wā loaʻa ma muli o ka nui o ka hōʻai'ē. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao, inā he haʻahaʻa ka palena o kaʻahahui o kaʻahahui, e kiʻekiʻe loa ka lakene o ka uku paneʻe no ka mea he maʻalahi ka uhiʻana i nā lilo kālā o ka pūʻulu.
ʻO nā helu no ka manaʻo TIE mai ka hōʻike kālā kālā a ka hui e hōʻikeʻia ma luna. Eia ka helu o ka lakene TIE o ka hui no 2007:
Kālena EBIT /'Apupu Loaʻa = ____ X
$ 691 / $ 141 = 4.9 X
ʻO keʻano, hiki i ka hui ke hālāwai i kona lilo kālā 4.9 manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole mākou iʻike inā he maikaʻi ia aʻaʻoleʻole me kaʻole o kahi mea e hoʻohālikelikeʻia me ia aʻaʻole mākouʻikeʻikepili. Akā,ʻo ka mea a mākou iʻike ai,ʻo ia ka XYZ Corporation e uku ai i kāna lilo kālā ma ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa ma kēlā me kēia makahiki.
05 - Ka weheweheʻana i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hōʻai'ē kālā no ka hōʻai'ē
Kōkuhi: E kaomi i ke kiʻi eʻike i keʻano'ōnaehana piha. Eʻike nō hoʻiʻoe ma ka puka'ē aʻe i hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā wehewehe aʻike i ke kiʻi ma ka manawa like.
Ua helu mākou i nā'ai'ēʻekolu o ka'ai'ē, aiʻole ka leverage waiwai, nā lakio e hoʻoholo ai i ka'ai'ē'ai'ē a XYZ Corporation. E like me kāu eʻike ai ma ka pākaukau ma luna nei, e hilinaʻi ana ka hui ma ke kālā hōʻai'ē ma 2008 ma mua o 2007.
He hōʻailona maikaʻi kēlā no ke olakino kālā o kahi hui. ʻO ka hōʻai'ē hou aʻe,ʻo ia hoʻi ka pilikia. ʻO ka'ane'ē hou heʻano nui ka waiwai o ka hui e uku i nā mea hoʻolako a me nā hana maʻamau ma hope o ka uhiʻana i ka uku kālā. Ke kālele nei kēiaʻahahui i kā lākou mea waiwai i kēia manawa. No kahiʻoihana liʻiliʻi,ʻo ia ka hōʻailona maikaʻi.